Stages of development by Erik Erikson
Oct. 30th, 2002 03:58 pm| Stage (age) | Psychosocial crisis | Significant relations | Psychosocial modalities | Psychosocial virtues | Maladaptations & malignancies |
| I (0-1) -- infant |
trust vs mistrust | mother | to get, to give in return | hope, faith | sensory distortion -- withdrawal |
| II (2-3) -- toddler |
autonomy vs shame and doubt | parents | to hold on, to let go | will, determination | impulsivity -- compulsion |
| III (3-6) -- preschooler |
initiative vs guilt | family | to go after, to play | purpose, courage | ruthlessness -- inhibition |
| IV (7-12 or so) -- school-age child |
industry vs inferiority | neighborhood and school | to complete, to make things together | competence | narrow virtuosity -- inertia |
| V (12-18 or so) -- adolescence |
ego-identity vs role-confusion | peer groups, role models | to be oneself, to share oneself | fidelity, loyalty | fanaticism -- repudiation |
| VI (the 20’s) -- young adult |
intimacy vs isolation | partners, friends | to lose and find oneself in a another |
love | promiscuity -- exclusivity |
| VII (late 20’s to 50’s) -- middle adult | generativity vs self-absorption | household, workmates | to make be, to take care of | care | overextension -- rejectivity |
| VIII (50’s and beyond) -- old adult | integrity vs despair | mankind or “my kind” | to be, through having been, to face not being | wisdom | presumption -- despair |